Pressures for the venturi and orifice plate meters were. Flow through venturi meter background and theory introduction. An orifice in a pipe line may be used as a meter in the manner as the venturi. Pdf flow through a venturi meter orifice rotameter emmanuel. Nex t we will discuss the principle of the venturi meter. The apparatus for this experiment contained an orifice meter and plate, a venturi flow meter, a rotameter, a weighing bucket with a scale, a stopwatch, and manometers that corresponded to the different meters used. Orifice 1 to determine the coefficient cd of an orifice meter by comparing the. Venturi meter and orifice meter are the commonly used flow meters for measuring massvolumetric flow rate or velocity of the flowing fluid. Among the differential pressure flow meters, the venturi. It is the portion that lies in between the converging and diverging part of the venturi. A venturi meter is basically a type of flow meter with a specially designed tube, used to measure the flow velocity of liquids especially highly viscous liquids. Laboratory experiment on venturi meter and orifice meter. Materials and methods a manometer figure 1, an orifice flow meter figure 2, and a venturi flow meter figure 3 were used to measure the flow rate and pressure change of the water flowing through the pipes. The dall tube is a shortened version of a venturi meter, with a lower pressure drop than an orifice plate.
An orifice meter is a conduit and a restriction to create a pressure drop. An orifice meter is a piece of equipment used to measure the flow rate of a gas or a fluid. There is a pressure tap upstream from the orifice plate and another just downstream. What are some industrial uses of venturi and orifice. In this meter the fluid is accelerated by its passage through a converging cone of angle 15. The gradual approach to and the gradual exit from the orifice. To find the coefficient of discharge for orifice meter. What is the difference between venturi and orifice meters. Venturi meter and orifice meter dynamics mechanics civil. It mainly consists of an orifice plate, an orifice plate housing, and a meter tube.
In venturi, pressure energy pe converted into kinetic energy ke to calculate flow rate discharge in a closed pipeline. The concentric orifice plate flow meter reduces the pressure by forcing the fluid through a thin plated circular opening. Both are used to measure the flow rate of gases and liquids. Due to simplicity and dependability, the venturi tube flowmeter is often used in applications where its necessary with higher turndown rates, or lower pressure drops, than the orifice plate can provide. Venturimeter principle, construction and working with. Venturi meter and orifice meter free download as pdf file. The coefficient of discharge c d for a venturi meter is in the region of 0. Venturi meter a cross section of the brass venturi meter tested is shown in figure 3. The most commonly used inferential or rate meter is the thinplate, concentric orifice meter which is the primary device discussed in this paper. A picture showing the different flow meters is in figure 1. Just like electromagnetic flow meter, it has no pressure drop head loss hence is very useful in places where pressure drop should be minimal and where a.
Venturi meter and orifice plate effects are two main and very important phenomenas in fuild mechanics sub field of mechanical engineering. Venturimeter orifice meter pitottube venturimeter venturimeter. Department of mechanical engineering venturi meter. An orifice meter is basically a type of flow meter used to measure the rate of flow of liquid or gas, especially steam, using the differential pressure measurement principle. Pdf experimental investigation of the installation effects on the. Fm 308 flow measurement by venturi and orifice meter. Pdf flow through a venturi meter orifice rotameter. Construction and specification of venturi meter venturi is an example for restriction type flow meter. Fixed restriction variable head type flow meters using different sensors like orifice plate, venturi.
Venturi meter venturi meter is a device used to measure discharge through the pipe. A short converging part throat diverging part throat inlet 2 1 x. Energy losses through venturi, orifice, and rotameter flowmeters. The pressure recovery is much better for the venturi meter than for the orifice plate.
The main advantages of the venturi over the orifice plate are low head loss. Venturi tubes, orifice plates, and flow nozzles duration. In this post the effect of venturi meter and orifice plate on the fluid flow will be disciussed and complete work will be presented in the form of report. Venturi or thin, sharpedged orifice can be used as the flow restriction. To find the coefficient of discharge for venturi meter. Venturi meter flow is measured using the differential pressure principle differential pressure integrated with time, so that it is used to any engineering parameters like flow rate. Venturi flow meter installation and operation manual. The inlet section is a standard asme longradius nozzle with a throat diameter dv of 0. Orifice and venturi meter works under the same principle, both meters creates a restriction in the flow channel and the pressure difference across the restriction is measured, which is proportional to the rate of discharge of flowing fluid through the pipeline. Cebu city, 6000 philippines this experiment aims to be calibrate both the venture apparatus and the orifice apparatus. A nozzle, venturi or thin sharp edged orifice can be used as the flow restriction.
It is that portion of the venturi where the fluid gets converges. To determine the coefficient of discharge of the orifice meter 1. In the previous programme we saw that the relationship between the pressure p, the velocity u and the elevation z of a flowing fluid is given by bernoullis equation. The cross section of the throat is much less than the cross section of the converging and diverging parts. Bacalso avenue, cebu city chemical engineeing department final report che lab 1 title of experiment juphil a. Although somewhat similar, they do differ in physical configuration and operating principle. The manometer tubes 1 and 2 corresponded to the venturi meter. Like the orifice meter, the venturi meter has been around over a century. By employing the continuity equation and bernoullis principle, the volumetric flow rate through the orifice meter can be calculated as described previously for venturi meter.
A venturi meter constricts the flow of fluid and the pressure differential is measure using pressure sensors before and within the constriction. Flow measurement with orifice,venturi and rotameter engi. The principle of the orifice meter is identical with that of the venturi meter. Inlet section a linear segment extending from the device and acts as an end connection for the fluid flowing inside. Bsen 3310 lab 2calibration of orifice flow meter and. As the fluid enters in the throat, its velocity increases and pressure decreases.
The momentum equation in a horizontal pipe or flow meter is given as 2 where p is the static pressure. Venturi meterconstruction, working, equation, application. Fm 308 flow measurement by venturi and orifice meter objectives. The pressure along the meter is obtained using the 11 pressure taps at the locations shown on the diagram. Difference between venturi and orifice compare the. The inlet diameter equals d 26 mm and the throat diameter d 16 mm. There are many different meters used to measure fluid flow. The planes were cross sectional views located at both of the tap locations for each model except for the vcone flow meter. It consists of flat circular plate which has a circular hole, in concentric with the pipe. It is basically a crude form of venturi meter, but with higher energy losses.
Yamamoto department of chemical engineering, college of engineering and architecture, cebu institute of technology university n. The working principle construction, calibration etc. This also work on the same principle as that of venturimeter. Advantages and disadvantages of orifice and venturi meter. The orifice, nozzle and venturi flow rate meters use the for the venturi meter than for the orifice meters their theory and application the rotameter, the orifice meter, and the venturi meter are only a few. To find the coefficient of discharge of an orifice meter. Venturi meter is a device in which pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy and it used for measuring the flow rate discharge of the system. Venturi flow meter installation and operation manual designs, materials, weights and performance ratings are approximate and subject to change without notice. Daniel measurement and control white papersfundamentals of orifice meter measurement page 1. It is a cheaper device as compared to venturimeter. The theory is the same as for the orifice meter but a much higher proportion of the pressure drop is recoverable than is the case with orifice meters. A schematic of the venturi meter is shown on the diagram at the end of the procedure.
Orifice plate is similar in the sense that it make use of a plate with a small hole in between to place restriction in the passage of the fluid. Become familiar with the orifice and venturi flow meters. Flow measurement with orifice,venturi and rotameter. Using experimental curves for the discharge coefficients of venturimeter or orificemeter, the pipe discharge is obtained iteratively. Difference between venturi meter and orifice meter. It can be specified by inlet diameter x throat diameter. In order to use any of these devices for measurement it is necessary to empirically calibrate them.
Calibration of an orifice plate flowmeter mechanical engineering department king saud university riyadh submitted by. It is mainly used for robust applications as it is known for its durability and is very economical. Pdf discharge equations for venturimeter and orificemeter. Discharge coefficient performance of venturi, standard concentric orifice plate, vcone and wedge flow meters at low reynolds numbers. The venturi flow meter obtains a pressure differential by constricting the flow area and therefore increasing the velocity at the constriction, which creates a lower pressure according to bernoullis theorem. The venturi meter has a converging conical inlet, a cylindrical throat and a diverging. Energy losses through venturi, orifice, and rotameter. Calibration of venturi and orifice meters hirizza junko m. Converging cone or diameter the area is decreasing throat diameter the area is constant diverging cone the area is increasing. A spreadsheet to assist with orificeventuriflow nozzle meter calculations and iso 5167 calculation of an orifice coefficient is also provided. Prior to using any of these devices for measurement, it is necessary to empirically calibrate them by passing a known volume through. Discharge coefficient performance of venturi, standard.
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